Leonhard Euler-
15 April 1707 - 18 September 1783) was a pioneering Swiss mathematician and physicist. He made important discoveries in fields as diverse as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory. He also introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, particularly for mathematical analysis, such as the notion of a mathematical function.[2] He is also renowned for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, and astronomy.
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Aryabhata ramanujan bhaskara bhramagupta D.R. kaprekar check out the contributions by yourself.. ;) LOL
Pierre de Fermat's contributed to number theory, analytic geometry, probability, and calculus. He also made contributions in the field of optics. Fermat's Last Theorem, which went unsolved for centuries, is attributed with prompting the interest in mathematics of some more recent mathematicians.
If I understand you correctly, you would like us to provide you with a list of mathematicians, no matter their area of concentration, over a two thousand year time period. We're not here to write research papers of that magnitude. If you could narrow your request, you might receive a more satisfying answer.
There are far to many credited German mathematicians to list them all, A few that are well known are :- Amalie Emmy Noether, David Hilbert, Erhard Heinz, Friedrich Gauss, Friedrich Hirzebruch, Jacques Tits, Johann Carl, Jürgen Moser, Karl Stein, Volker Strassen and Yuri Manin,
Both were mathematicians