The factors of 18 are: 1 2 3 6 9 18
The prime factors are: 2 x 3 x 3
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The prime factors of 18 are 2, 3, and 3. The prime factors of 90 are 2, 3, 3, and 5. The prime factors they have in common are 2, 3, and 3. Since 18 is a factor of 90, its prime factors will be the prime factors that the two numbers have in common.
18 and 81 share only one prime factor: 3
65, 77
As a product of its prime factors: 2*3*3 = 18
The prime factors of 18 are 2, 3 and 3. The prime factors of 42 are 2, 3 and 7. Thus, the prime factors which are common to both are 2 and 3. However, the usual manner of answering this sort of question is to give the greatest common factor which is common to both (or all) numbers, and not only prime factors - so as 2 and 3 are common to both numbers and as 2 x 3 = 6 the 'other' answer to the question is 6.