Bytes in a computer: A byte is made up of 8 bits, and 2 bytes make up a word, so a group of 16 bits is often referred to as a "word" in computing.
Bars in a musical composition: In music notation, a bar (or measure) typically contains a certain number of beats, with 16 bars being a common structure in many musical compositions.
Teams in a tournament bracket: In some sports tournaments, there are 16 teams competing in a single-elimination bracket, with each round reducing the number of teams by half until a champion is determined.