TO work out the HCF you need to split the numbers into their prime factors. In this case you have:
40 = 2x2x2x5
48 = 2x2x2x2x3
The next step is to identify any common prime factors. Both numbers have three 2s as prime factors. Multiply these together and you get:
2x2x2 = 8
Thus the HCF of 40 and 48 is 8.
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