By integration, which basically means dividing the object into small slices and calculating the area of each slice. If the (basically 2-dimensional) slice is itself irregular, you need to apply integration once more on each slice.
This topic is explored in detail in calculus courses.
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There is no formula. That's why it's called irregular!
if it is a regular shape, a box, prism, pyramid, cone, sphere, use a math formula. irregular shapes, use water displacement.
In general, volume is length times width times depth. This is easy to calculate if the object whose volume you wish to know happens to be cubical or rectilinear in shape. If it an irregular shape, such as (let us say) an octopus, then the calculation is more complicated. In theory, any three dimensional shape can be approximated by some finite number of cubes. Integral calculus can also be used in some cases (although it would be really difficult with an octopus). With a real octopus, you could also just put it into a graduated cylinder filled with water and see how much water it displaces. So volume is not always found by means of a formula.
Finding the area of an irregular shape is now quite easily done after watching the instructional video at [See related link below for the website] and it's for free
It depends on the shape of the tank.