if the no of diagonals is "n" then the no of sides of the poligon can be given by the formula 2n/n(n-3).
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n*(n-3)/2 where n- no. of sides
A square, a rhombus or s kite would fit the given description
The diameter of a rectangle is the same as its diagonal (angle in a semicircle is a right angle). So the diagonal forms a right angled triangle with the diagonal as the hypotenuse and two sides of the rectangle (a length and a breadth) forming the legs of the triangle. If the lengths of the sides of the rectangle are known, a simple application of Pythagoras's theorem given the measure of the diagonal.
The answer depends on what information you do have about the rhombus. Assuming that you know the length of the sides and one of the diagonals, then,In the triangle formed by the given diagonal and the sides of the rhombus, you know all three sides. So you can use the cosine rule to calculate the angle between the sides of the rhombus.The other pair of angles in the rhombus are its supplement.So now you know two sides and the included angle of the triangle formed by the missing diagonal and the sides of the rhombus.You can use the cosine rule again to find the missing diagonal.
Not necessarily. If the sides are a multiple of sqrt(2) units, then the diagonal is rational.