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Horizontal Integration : When a company decides to expand horizontally i.e within its current line of business then it is called horizontal integration. For eg. pepsi when it got into snacks it can be called a horizontal integration.

Vertical integration: When a firm covers all activity of supply chain then it can be called as vertically integrated. Eg. if a paper manufacturing industry goes into plantation of woods and other activities involved with production raw material (wood) it can be called a vertical integration.

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Myrtice Paucek

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3y ago

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Q: What is vertical and horizontal integration?
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