what kind of correlation would you expect to find between a city's annual and the size of its population
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Correlation determines relationship between two variables. For example changes in one variable influence another variable, we can say that there is a correlation between the two variables. For example, we can say that there exists a correlation between the number of hours spent on reading and preparation and the scores obtained in the examination. One can infer that higher the amount of time spent on preparation may result in better performance in examination leading to higher scores. Hence the above is a case of positive correlation. If an increase in independent variable leads to an increase in dependent variable, it is a case of positive correlation. On the other hand if an increase in independent variable leads to a reduction in dependent variable, it is a case of negative correlation. An example for negative correlation could be the relationship between the age advancement and resistance to diseases. As age advances, resistance to disease reduces.
An example of weak positive correlation would be the relationship between the amount of time spent studying for a test and the grade achieved. While there may be a slight increase in grades as study time increases, the correlation is not very strong. This means that studying more does not guarantee a significantly higher grade, but there is still a positive trend between the two variables.
There are an infinite amount of numbers between them, with 0.75 being halfway between them.
300,000,000 or Three hundred million (roughly the population of the USA).
There are an infinite amount of answers to that. 0.85 is exactly halfway between them.