Anti-Stokes line is much less intense than the Stokes line. This occurs because only molecules that are vibrationally excited prior to irradiation can give rise to the anti-Stokes line. Hence, in Raman spectroscopy, only the more intense Stokes line is normally measured.
Yes, Raman spectra of several metals have been reported, the latest being those of uranium. Google for uranium Raman spectra for more details.
It depends what you are looking for. There are online databases of Raman spectra for minerals, for example, e.g. https://www.fis.unipr.it/phevix/ramandb.php For characteristic functional groups/molecules and their peaks, it is better to consult a textbook of Raman Spectra, within which you can find tables of peak assignments - take a visit to the library!
Wenxin Ke has written: 'Superconducting and kinetics of freezing of benzene clusters as studied by coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy' -- subject(s): Benzene, Supercooling, Spectra
the frequency shift of raman lines are given by- shift frequency0
ν1=1/λ1 ν1-s1
Several variations of Raman spectroscopy have been developed.· Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)· Resonance Raman spectroscopy· Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy (SERRS)· Angle Resolved Raman Spectroscopy· Hyper Raman· Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopy (SRS)· Optical Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy (OTRS)· Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy· Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS)· Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS)· Raman optical activity (ROA)· Transmission Raman· Inverse Raman spectroscopy.· Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS)· Surface plasmon polaritons enhanced Raman scattering (SPPERS)
Raman is used a lot as it is not sensitive to atmospheric water and CO2 usually won't stand out on the spectra. Its also useful in most settings as there is no sample prep needed, which is quite a difference to somthing like IR spectra which need nujol mulls or KBr plates. In comparison to IR the bands of the spectra are usually smaller and sampling is non-destructive. In an industrial setting raman can be used with fiber optic cables to remotely monitor reactions and product formation.
Anne Hamilton McKague has written: 'Vibrational Raman spectra of hydrogen and deuterium in the condensed phases' -- subject(s): Raman effect, Physics Theses, Hydrogen, Deuterium
Kirk W. Brown has written: 'Coherent raman spectroscopy of non-polar molecules and molecular clusters' -- subject(s): Carbon dioxide, Raman spectroscopy, Spectra
Donald Edward Graburn Shaw has written: 'Rotation-vibrational Raman spectrum of ethane C2H6' -- subject(s): Ethanes, Raman effect, Molecular rotation, Physics Theses, Spectra
Charles Alexander Bradley has written: 'The Smekal-Raman spectra and vibrations of some pentatomic molecules' -- subject(s): Molecules, Spectrum analysis
Yes, they are. anti-stockes lines are less intense than stockes at room temperature because the no. of molecules in the lowest excited vibrational level is less than that in the next higher excited vib. level... and since the intensity of the lines depends on the population of molecules.... it have weaker lines.... but at thermal equilibriume.... the no. of molecules in the next higher excited vib. level is higher than that in the lowest one....so the intensity of the anti-stockes is higher than the stockes........!!!