They believed in a universe with the Earth at the centre because the scriptures said that. At the start the Earth was the universe, and the sky was only a part of it. They had no reason to disbelieve the geocentric theory until adequate proof came that the Sun is at the centre, after Kepler's work on planetary observations and Newton's theoretical discoveries.
Chat with our AI personalities
Geocentric theory
Geocentric theory
The Geocentric Theory was developed by Greek astronomers. The theory was that celestial bodies moved around Earth in circular paths.
The heliocentric theory is the idea that planets rotate around the sun, where the geocentric theory said that everything orbited around Earth.
The main difference - is the centre of the galaxy. The heliocentric theory placed the Sun at the centre of our galaxy - the previous 'geocentric' theory placed the Earth at the centre.