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Since binary number digits only have 2 states (0 or 1) they are inherently useful to represent events which can be categorized into to states (signal present or absent, for example). A signal could come from a sensor which represents that something has happened (maybe it's part of an alarm system, and the sensor detects when a door is open or closed). Since it is a number, a microprocessor can be programmed to perform certain actions when this takes place.

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