The main reason is that many elements exist in several isotopic forms. These are atoms with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons. Since the Atomic Mass is essentially based on the number of protons and neutrons in each atom, the element will exist in several forms with different masses. The atomic mass is the average of the masses of these isotopes, weighted together according to their abundance.
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mass numbers are whole numbers because the mass number is number of protons in an atom, plus the number of neutrons. you can only have a whole neutron and or proton, therefore, all mass numbers are whole numbers.
Yes always
An integer is not always a whole number because whole numbers are numbers 0 and up. Integers are numbers above and below 0. (Including negatives.) So therefore, if an integer is a negative, it would not be a whole number. But a whole number is always an integer.
The question is based on an ignorance of what an atomic number is. It represents the number of protons in an atom of the element and is always, ALWAYS a whole number.
Yes, it is.