I think it's Gestalt
The gestalt psychology approach emphasizes looking at the whole rather than its individual parts. This approach focuses on how the mind perceives patterns and wholes in sensory information, rather than breaking it down into separate components.
The case that emphasizes the totality of circumstances approach is Illinois v. Gates (1983). In this case, the Supreme Court held that the reliability of an informant's tip should be assessed based on the totality of the circumstances surrounding the tip, rather than applying rigid tests or formulas.
Clinical gestalt is a holistic approach to understanding and evaluating a patient, considering their physical, emotional, social, and psychological aspects as a whole rather than as individual components. It involves looking at the patient's overall presentation and subjective experience to form a comprehensive understanding that guides treatment planning and decision-making.
The opposite of psychoanalytic theory would be behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors rather than unconscious drives and conflicts. Behaviorism emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli in shaping behavior, in contrast to the emphasis on internal psychological processes in psychoanalytic theory.
Psychological positivism is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the influence of external factors on behavior, rather than focusing on internal mental processes. It is rooted in the belief that human behavior can be explained in terms of environmental stimuli and conditioning processes.
John B. Watson is often credited as the founder of behaviorism. He believed that psychology should focus on observable behaviors rather than internal mental processes. Watson's work helped shape the behaviorist approach to psychology which emphasizes the importance of environmental influences on behavior.
This approach regards the family, as a whole, as the unit of treatment, and emphasizes such factors as relationships and communication patterns rather than traits or symptoms in individual members.
A just deserts perspective that emphasizes taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator or group of offenders is often referred to as a retributive justice approach. It focuses on punishment rather than rehabilitation, seeking to inflict suffering and harm in proportion to the harm caused by the offender. Critics argue that this approach can perpetuate a cycle of violence and fail to address the underlying causes of criminal behavior.
BEHAVIORISM
The apprentice approach to history involves learning through practical, hands-on experience rather than just studying theories or reading about the past. It often involves working with a mentor or master in a specific field to gain skills and knowledge through direct application in real-world settings. This approach emphasizes learning by doing and is common in craft trades or artisan practices.
A strengths-based approach focuses on identifying and leveraging an individual's or organization's existing strengths, abilities, and resources. It emphasizes building on what is going well, rather than focusing solely on weaknesses or deficits. This approach aims to empower and support growth by fostering self-confidence, resilience, and positive outcomes.
watchman style
The approach is called conceptual understanding, where the focus is on grasping the concepts and relationships within arithmetic operations rather than just memorizing procedures. It aims to develop a deep understanding of how numbers work and how operations interact with each other to promote problem-solving skills. It also helps students make connections between different mathematical concepts.
Examining a culture through its indigenous concepts and theories involves understanding the worldviews, values, and knowledge systems that are unique to that particular culture. It requires looking at issues and phenomena from the perspective of the culture being studied, rather than using an external or Western-centric framework. This approach emphasizes the importance of preserving and honoring indigenous ways of knowing and understanding the world.
Back to Basics is a teaching approach that focuses on core subjects like reading, writing, and mathematics. It emphasizes mastery of fundamental skills rather than complex or specialized topics. This curriculum is often used to reinforce essential knowledge and improve academic performance.
Humanism is a philosophy that emphasizes the value and agency of individuals, advocating for a more personalized and student-centered approach to education. It focuses on promoting self-directed learning, critical thinking, and the development of personal potential, rather than traditional methods focused solely on knowledge acquisition.
conversion disorder
Physical dependence on a substance is a physiological rather than a psychological dependence.