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A function is a relation whose mapping is a bijection.
Many police diagrams are created and recorded using triangulation or base line mapping. Both require geometry.
Two operators are opposites or inverses if their combined mapping is the identity mapping. Less technically, one mapping must reverse the effect of the other. There are problems, though, when dealing with even fairly common functions. Squaring is a function from the real numbers to the non-negative real numbers, but there is not a single inverse operation. [+sqrt and -sqrt are the two inverse functions over the range.]
A relation is a mapping from one set to another. The two sets may be the same, or different. It is an association between elements (or members) of one set with those of the other set. Some mappings are functions but mappings need not be functions.
A function is a mapping between two sets, the domain and the range, such that each element in the domain is mapped to only one element in the range. This is true for all lines in a plane except those that are parallel to the y-axis. Thus, all non-perpendicular lines are functions but vertical lines are not functions.