Pure water, at normal atmospheric pressure freezes at 0 deg C. If the pressure is greater than normal atmospheric pressure (760mm of Hg) or if the water contains dissolved substances, its freezing point will be below 0 deg C.
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The freezing point of pure water, at normal atmospheric pressure is 0 degrees Celsius. Both the factors mentioned affect the freezing point of water. Solvents, such as common salt, lower the freezing point of water to something like -17 degrees C. Additional pressure will also lower the freezing point of water.
If water froze at 31 degrees Fahrenheit instead of 32 degrees, it would mean that ice would form at a slightly warmer temperature. This would have impacts on natural processes like the freezing of lakes and rivers, potentially affecting ecosystems and water availability. It may also have broader implications for climate patterns and weather systems.
Every point on the Celsius/Centigrade scale is added to the number 273.15 and this is the reading of the thermometer calibrated for Kelvin. Remember, the Kelvin scale does NOT use the degree title or symbol, so 0 degrees Celsius/Centigrade is equal by definition to 273.15 Kelvin. 0 K is the lowest possible reading & is termed absolute zero. Kelvin is more useful in scientific calculations since it is designed using the standard units of volume, pressure, temperature and so on. It plugs into normal scientific units without having to make conversions.When I say degrees Celsius, this is very similar, but not exactly the same as degrees Centigrade. Celsius was calibrated by a physical phenomenon, the point at which water froze was considered 0 degrees Celsius and when water boils the 100 degree Celsius mark was made to produce the Celsius scale (actually originally the scale was backwards and the two numbers were simply switched, but that can be confusing!) Centigrade, was basically a set of evenly distributed marks to notate each degree (the order was correct at this point and the Celsius scale was flipped also to be the normal scale we know today. Since Centigrade was based off of Celsius, it was prone to the error of measuring a perfect reading too, with the additional error added in that two points had to be divided perfectly into 100 units! The inaccuracies were eventually corrected but with ever so slight deviations from the original scale(s) and forever a relic in our temperature measurement systems.
It hasn't frozen for many years so there are no accurate records.The only reliable records I can access show that the temperature in 1709 dropped to -15° C, (-5°F), and stayed that low for 11 days.Non-tidal parts of the Thames froze in 1963. That is the last time any part of the Thames froze.
In the winter of either 1982 or 1983 Nashville or Gallatin TN had a record breaking low of -25 degrees F. I lived in Gallatin at the time, and I woman I knew froze to death when her husband locked her out of the house.
Everthing froze, and got destroyed but many things preserved in the ice. Hope that helps! :)