The gathering of scientific information is called research.
Hypotheses
A hypothesis is a testable statement. To check the accuracy of your statement, you need to design an experiment to test it and collect data. Then you analyze your data to see how well it supported your hypothesis.
A statistician may have some idea about some statistics in a data set, and there is a need to test whether or not that hypothesis is likely to be true. Data are collected and a test statistic is calculated. The value of this test statistic is used to determine the probability that the hypothesis is true.
It is called an experiment.expiriment
A test statistic is used to test whether a hypothesis that you have about the underlying distribution of your data is correct or not. The test statistic could be the mean, the variance, the maximum or anything else derived from the observed data. When you know the distribution of the test statistic (under the hypothesis that you want to test) you can find out how probable it was that your test statistic had the value it did have. If this probability is very small, then you reject the hypothesis. The test statistic should be chosen so that under one hypothesis it has one outcome and under the is a summary measure based on the data. It could be the mean, the maximum, the variance or any other statistic. You use a test statistic when you are testing between two hypothesis and the test statistic is one You might think of the test statistic as a single number that summarizes the sample data. Some common test statistics are z-score and t-scores.
You can test a hypothesis with very little information. For hypothesis testing you will have a null hypothesis, and alternative and some test statistic. The hypothesis test consists of checking whether or not the test statistic lies in the critical region. If it does, then you reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative. The default option is to stick with the null hypothesis.If the number of observations is very small then the critical region is so small that you have virtually no chance of rejecting the null: you will default to accepting it.Different test have different powers and these depend on the underlying distribution of the variable being tested as well as the sample size.
data data
gather information means to collect all information and put it in one
Test your hypothesis against the data
A hypothesis test is used to make certain decisions based on the data collected.
Test your hypothesis against the available data
A hypothesis is a testable statement. To check the accuracy of your statement, you need to design an experiment to test it and collect data. Then you analyze your data to see how well it supported your hypothesis.
Data
Results from a test. What you learned from the test/what you found, what was tested, hypothesis, etc.
Through observation, survey, or secondary data
The data collected in an experiment test a hypothesis. A hypothesis is an educated guess about a specific question, usually regarding science.
Ask a question Do background research Conduct a hypothesis Test your hypothesis by doing an experiment Analyze your data and draw a conclusion Communicate your result
Well since a hypothesis is "an educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question". It must be repeatedly tested with un-flawed experiments, and backed up with a significant amount of data. And it will then become a theory, and if it's tested by and consistent with generations of data it will become a law.