All integers are rational numbers, not all rational numbers are integers. Rational numbers can be expressed as fractions, p/q, where q is not equal to zero. For integers the denominator is 1.
5 is an integer, 2/3 is a fraction, both are rational.
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Integers consist of natural numbers(1, 2, 3,...), zero and the negative natural numbers(-1, -2, -3,...). 1, 2, 3 etc are positive integers and -1, 2, -3 etc are negative integers. Whereas rational numbers consist of integers as well as numbers in the form of p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to zero.
So the main difference formed is:-
Every integer is a rational number but every rational number is not an integer.
Rational numbers can be written as a fraction integers include both positive and negative numbers.
An integer, in its simplest form as a rational number, must have a denominator of 1.
Starting at the top, we have the real numbers. The rational numbers is a subset of the reals. So are the irrational numbers. Now some rationals are integers so that is a subset of the rationals. Then a subset of the integers is the whole numbers. The natural numbers is a subset of those.
Natural (or counting) numbers Integers Rationals Irrationals Transcendentals
There are an infinite number of subsets: All rationals other than 1 All rationals other than 2, etc All rationals other than 1.1 All rationals other than 2.1, etc, etc. All integers
The number -4 belongs to the set of all integers. It also belongs to the rationals, reals, complex numbers.
Since rational numbers are expressed as a/b where a & b are integers, in a sense fractions & rationals means the same thing. Integers may be considered fractions with denominators of 1 or other improper fractions. In any case, most real numbers are irrational; the rationals are just one type of real number.