It depends on the total load spread along the line and the voltage drop at full load at the end of the line. Generally up to 3 % voltage drop is considered ok. Anything beyond you need another transformer center.
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There is no set distance. You just have to keep increasing the size of the feeder conductors the further the distance becomes. It is all to do with voltage drop. The further from the voltage source the voltage drops off due to the internal resistance of the feeder conductor.
There are many voltage drop calculators on the internet. All you have to do in insert the voltage you are using, the amperage that you want at the end of the feeder run and the distance that you want to run the feeder line. It will calculate the size of the conductor needed to fulfill your parameters that you added to calculate your feeder size. These calculators usually calculate to a voltage drop of 3% which is fine for a home distribution system.
Line side amps for a 1000kVA transformer would depend on the voltage rating of the transformer and the power factor of the load. To calculate line side amps, you would divide the transformer kVA rating by the product of the voltage and the square root of three (for a three-phase system).
A lightning arrester should be placed near a transformer to protect it from voltage surges caused by lightning strikes. These surges can damage the transformer and disrupt power distribution if not properly controlled. Placing the lightning arrester near the transformer helps to divert the excess voltage to the ground, protecting the transformer and associated equipment.
A transformer is used to change the voltage level of an electrical current, either stepping it up or stepping it down. This is important for transmitting electricity efficiently over long distances and for matching the voltage needed by different devices.
Its not a part of the line but a different component in the circuit called the transformer. The step down transformer is responsible for reducing the voltage that is brought to it from the company main line. It follows the law of electromagnetic induction.
Electriciy can down for a variety of reasons, a vehicle can knock over a power pole, a storm can drop a tree branch on a power line, a transformer can blow if old, or even excessive power usage in a neighbourhood can blow the local tranformer out.