You can write any radical as a power. For example, taking the square root is the same as raising to the power 1/2; taking the cubic root is the same as raising to the power 1/3. Here is an example how you can use this knowledge, to take the cubic root of 125 (which of course is 5) in Excel:= 125^(1/3)
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The simplest example would be square and square root. You could say that they are rotated 90° from each other. Or that they reflect across the line y=x. Take the quadratic (square) function y = x^2. This is a parabola opening up. Now what if you exchange the variables, so that you have x = y^2. Now the parabola opens to the right. This could also be stated as y = sqrt(x). But typically, the square root function only returns the positive value. This would necessarily be true, if you want it to remain as a 'function' (only one y value for each x value). So you would only have a half of a parabola.
They are inverses of each other. Example: f'(x) = sqrt(x), x >= 0 is the inverse function of f(x) = x^2, for x >=0.
A function that has a variable under a radical sign.
The diagonal of a unit square, for example, is radical(2).
Math
It depends what power is associated with the radical.
No, you cannot add or subtract under the radical. The radical represents the square root function, and it only operates on the number or expression that is inside the radical. To add or subtract, you need to simplify the expressions inside the radical first.