The question is pretty vague, but in general, it helps to look at a portion of a problem, which can be treated on its own, using the order of operations (PEMDAS), to get an intermediate answer, which is then worked with the rest of the problem. Without knowing specific examples, it is difficult to get more specific in the answer.
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One method is to try an break it down into simpler problems, each of which should be less complex than before. Alternatively, you will need to bring a much more powerful tool (or method) to bear. This will usually entail more advanced mathematical techniques.