Each shift left is the same as multiplying by 2, so shifting 3 times to the left is the same as multiplying by 2³; ie multiply by 8.
Multiplication by 8.
the accumulator is an 8-bit register then is part of the arithmetic/logic unit(ALU). this register is used to store to store 8-bit data and to perform arithmetic & logical operation. the result of an operation is stored in the accumulator. the accumulator is also identified as register A.
yes
arithmetic overflow is a situation that occurs when a calculation or operation yields a result that is too large for the system storage or register to handle. Overflow can also refer to the amount the result exceeds the memory designated for storage. ( basically too much, That's why its called overflow)
Control Flag Register: The Control Flag Register (CFR), also known as the Program Status Word (PSW), is a register used to control the execution flow and behavior of the processor. It typically stores various control flags that govern different aspects of the CPU's operation. Some common flags found in the Control Flag Register include: Carry Flag (CF): Used to indicate whether an arithmetic operation generated a carry or borrow. Zero Flag (ZF): Indicates whether the result of an operation is zero. Sign Flag (SF): Indicates the sign (positive or negative) of the result. Overflow Flag (OF): Indicates whether an arithmetic operation resulted in an overflow. Interrupt Flag (IF): Determines whether interrupts are enabled or disabled. The Control Flag Register provides control over program execution, including branching, interrupt handling, and arithmetic operations. It helps determine the outcome of operations and can be used for conditional branching based on specific flag states. Conditional Flag Register: The Conditional Flag Register (CFR), also known as the Condition Code Register (CCR) or Status Register (SR), contains flags that reflect the result of the most recent arithmetic or logical operation performed by the processor. These flags are used to perform conditional branching and control the flow of instructions based on specific conditions. The flags present in the Conditional Flag Register can vary depending on the processor architecture, but some common flags include: Zero Flag (ZF): Indicates whether the result of an operation is zero. Sign Flag (SF): Indicates the sign (positive or negative) of the result. Overflow Flag (OF): Indicates whether an arithmetic operation resulted in an overflow. Carry Flag (CF): Used to indicate whether an arithmetic operation generated a carry or borrow. Auxiliary Carry Flag (AF): Indicates a carry or borrow from the lower-order nibble (4 bits) to the higher-order nibble. The Conditional Flag Register is primarily used for conditional jumps or branches, allowing the processor to alter the program flow based on the current flag states. To summarize, the Control Flag Register focuses on controlling the processor's behavior and handling interrupts, while the Conditional Flag Register reflects the outcome of arithmetic and logical operations and enables conditional branching based on flag states.
The basic arithmetic micro operations are addition, subtraction, increment, decrement, and shift. The arithmetic micro operation defined by the statement:- R3
The ALU (arithmetic logic unit) An ALU loads data from input registres, an external Control Unit then tells the ALU what operation to perform on that data, and then the ALU stores its result into an output register. Other mechanisms move data between these registers and memory.
It is one of 4 registers called general purpose registers Ax has a another name witch is (accumulator) it used in arithmetic and logic operation and store data from I/o port in microprocessors like 8086/8088
Arithmetic overflow.
Accumulator contains one of the operand for any operation which is performed by the ALU.The result of the operation is stored in the Accumulator. thus it is a special register
Yes and no. You can use it as a general purpose register, but if you do that, you will lose the ability to perform arithmetic and logical computations and comparisons that would normally use the accumulator.
The register that stores the result of (an arithmetic) or logical result is the accumulator.
A logic microoperation specify binary operation for a string of bits stored in registers.These operation consider each bit in the registers seperately and treat it as a binary variable. Eg:-F--A(+)B If the contents of register A is 1010 and that of register B is 1100 than the information is transfer to register F is 0110