No, 1/2 = 4/8, which is 4 times greater than 1/8.
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No, two one-fourths of salt is equal to one-half, not one-eighth. To get one-eighth, you would need four one-eighths combined.
After 3 half lives, the original substance will be reduced by a factor of 2 each time. So after the first half-life, it will be reduced to half (A al B). After the second half-life, it will be reduced to one-quarter (A al C). After the third half-life, it will be reduced to one-eighth (A al D).
For plutonium (or any other radionuclide) to decay to one eighth of its original activity, it will take 3 half-lives of the material. In one half-life, half is gone. Half will be left. In another half-life, half of the half that was left is gone, and one quarter will be left. In a third half-life, half the one quarter will be left, and that's one eighth of the original. In the case of plutonium, there are a number of isotopes of this highly radioactive stuff. The isotope 239Pu, which is commonly used in nuclear weapons, has a half-life of 2.41 x 104 years. That's 24,100 years. For 239Pu to decay to 1/8 th of its original amount, it will take 3 time the half-life, which is 7.23 x 104 years, or 72,300 years. And yes, that is a long time. A very long time....
A liter is one million times greater than a microliter. This is because there are one million microliters in one liter.
1.6oz is greater than 0.84oz.