Under today's modern rules now governing the Roman numeral system we would convert the equivalent of 1999 and 19 into Roman numerals as MCMXCIX and XIX respectively which makes them almost impracticable for arithmetical operations but there is historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have probably worked out the required calculations in any of the following formats:-
IMM+IXX = MMXVIII => (2000-1)+(20-1) = 2018
MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+IXX = MMXVIII => 1999+(20-1) = 2018
IMM+XVIIII = MMXVIII => (2000-1)+19 => (2000-1)+19 = 2018
MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+XVIIII = MMXVIII => 1999+19 = 2018
Note that the above calculations are fairly simple and straight forward but for more advanced calculations the Romans would have used an abacus calculating device.
QED
See answer to question: ' How do you add together 1666 and 1999 in two different ways using Roman numerals'
MIM + MMXIV = MMMXIII or MMCXCIX + MMXIII = MMMXIII There is only one way to write the solution (3013)
Notwithstanding todays modern conversion of 1999 and 14 into Roman numerals which are MCMXCIX and XIV respectively inasmuch that there exist credible evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have added together the equivalent of 1999 and 14 in either of the following formats:- A: IMM+IXV = MMXIII => (2000-1)+(15-1) = 2013 B: MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+XIIII = MMXIII => 1999+14 = 2013 Not that for more complicated calculations the ancient Romans would have used an abacus calculating device.
In Roman numerals, "XXX" represents the number 30. The Roman numeral system uses letters to signify different values, with "X" representing 10. When three "X" symbols are placed together, they are added together to make 30.
Notwithstanding todays modern conversion of 999 into Roman numerals which is now considered to be CMXCIX inasmuch that the ancient Romans would have probably added together the equivalent of 777 and 999 in either of the following formats:- Abridged format: DCCLXXVII+IM = MDCCLXXVI => 777+(1000-1) = 1776 Elongated format: DCCLXXVII+DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MDCCLXXVI => 777+999 = 1776 QED
See answer to question: ' How do you add together 1666 and 1999 in two different ways using Roman numerals'
MIM + MMXIV = MMMXIII or MMCXCIX + MMXIII = MMMXIII There is only one way to write the solution (3013)
Notwithstanding todays modern conversion of 1999 and 14 into Roman numerals which are MCMXCIX and XIV respectively inasmuch that there exist credible evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have added together the equivalent of 1999 and 14 in either of the following formats:- A: IMM+IXV = MMXIII => (2000-1)+(15-1) = 2013 B: MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+XIIII = MMXIII => 1999+14 = 2013 Not that for more complicated calculations the ancient Romans would have used an abacus calculating device.
Doing arithmetic with Roman numerals is exasperating, and imho a pointless waste of time, except to demonstrate the obvious superiority of our "normal numbers," which use base-10 radix / positional notation that includes a zero digit as a placeholder. I'd venture to say science & technology -- commerce, too -- could never have developed in recent centuries if we still used Roman numerals for calculations. However, this web site explains some methods: http://turner.faculty.swau.edu/mathematics/materialslibrary/roman/
Notwithstanding todays modern conversion of 999 into Roman numerals which are CMXCIX inasmuch that the ancient Romans in all probability would have added together the equivalent of 666 and 999 in either of the following formats:-A: DCLXVI+IM = MDCLXV => 666+(1000-1) = 1665B: DCLXVI+DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MDCLXV => 666+999 = 1665QED
Cmxcix + xiv + mcmlxxxvii = mmm. It should be all in capital letters, but the system changed them.
The word "altogether" (completely, entirely) has a different meaning from "all together" (a collected group).
When in Rome do as the Roman do and the ancient Romans would have probably added together 1999 and 3001 in either of the following ways:- IMM+MMMI = (V) => (2000-1)+3001 = 1000*5 = 5000 MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+MMMI = (V) => 1999+30001 = 5000 Note that in todays modern configuration of Roman numerals 1999 is now considered to be MCMXCIX
In Roman numerals, "XXX" represents the number 30. The Roman numeral system uses letters to signify different values, with "X" representing 10. When three "X" symbols are placed together, they are added together to make 30.
Notwithstanding todays modern conversion of 999 into Roman numerals which is now considered to be CMXCIX inasmuch that the ancient Romans would have probably added together the equivalent of 777 and 999 in either of the following formats:- Abridged format: DCCLXXVII+IM = MDCCLXXVI => 777+(1000-1) = 1776 Elongated format: DCCLXXVII+DCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MDCCLXXVI => 777+999 = 1776 QED
Nowadays we would express 19 in Roman numerals as XIX but in ancient Rome the equivalent of 19 was XVIIII or IXX thus facilitating the speed and ease of addition in either of the following formats:-IXX+LXII = LXXXI => (20-1)+62 = 81LXXXI+IXX = C => 81+(20-1) = 100Alternatively:-XVIIII+LXII = LXXXI => 19+62 = 81LXXXI+XVIIII = C => 81+19 = 100Note that the Latin word for XVIIII is novemdecim and and for IXX it is undeviginti but there is no Latin word for todays notation of 19 as XIX
The wrong way and the right way which is as follows:- IX+IXX = XXVIII => (10-1)+(20-1) = 28 XXVIII+IMM = MMXXVII => 28+(2000-1) = 2027