The first proof of the existence of Irrational Numbers is usually attributed to a Pythagorean(possibly Hippasus of Metapontum), who probably discovered them while identifying sides of the pentagram in the fifth century BC.
They are irrational numbers!
They are numbers that are infinite
yes * * * * * No. Rational and irrational numbers are two DISJOINT subsets of the real numbers. That is, no rational number is irrational and no irrational is rational.
properties of irrational numbers
I am not quite sure what you mean with "derive" - what sort of derivation you will accept. If you take the square root of an integer, unless the integer happens to be a perfect square, you get an irrational number. And yes, there is proof of that. The can be found in most high school algebra books.
Yes, no irrational numbers are whole numbers.
No. Irrational numbers are real numbers, therefore it is not imaginary.
Not necessarily. The sum of two irrational numbers can be rational or irrational.
No, but the majority of real numbers are irrational. The set of real numbers is made up from the disjoint subsets of rational numbers and irrational numbers.
There are an infinite number of irrational numbers.
All irrational numbers are not rational.
False. Irrational numbers are real numbers.