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Consider two very large primes, P and Q, each a hundred of digits or more in length. Their product is the semi-prime S. Given S, it is extremely difficult to find P or Q. If P and Q are sufficiently large, even very fast computers will take a long time to factorise S.

But, given S and P it is simple to find Q. So if S is used for encryption and P is the key, then anyone who knows P can easily decrypt the message but someone who does not know P will be unable to do so.

Consider two very large primes, P and Q, each a hundred of digits or more in length. Their product is the semi-prime S. Given S, it is extremely difficult to find P or Q. If P and Q are sufficiently large, even very fast computers will take a long time to factorise S.

But, given S and P it is simple to find Q. So if S is used for encryption and P is the key, then anyone who knows P can easily decrypt the message but someone who does not know P will be unable to do so.

Consider two very large primes, P and Q, each a hundred of digits or more in length. Their product is the semi-prime S. Given S, it is extremely difficult to find P or Q. If P and Q are sufficiently large, even very fast computers will take a long time to factorise S.

But, given S and P it is simple to find Q. So if S is used for encryption and P is the key, then anyone who knows P can easily decrypt the message but someone who does not know P will be unable to do so.

Consider two very large primes, P and Q, each a hundred of digits or more in length. Their product is the semi-prime S. Given S, it is extremely difficult to find P or Q. If P and Q are sufficiently large, even very fast computers will take a long time to factorise S.

But, given S and P it is simple to find Q. So if S is used for encryption and P is the key, then anyone who knows P can easily decrypt the message but someone who does not know P will be unable to do so.

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