change one or more factors and observe the effects
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in an experiment, the researcher manipulates a variable
Correlation-apex (;
controlled experiment
Sample size greatly reduces any error to randomness in a given sample. Each experiment requires a proper size of a sample. The better it is fitted to the experiment, the better is the result. For example, if you are trying to find out the study habits of students at your school of 1000 kids, a sample size of 50 would be sufficient. However, if you are trying to find out the study habits of students across the US, a sample size of at least several hundred-thousand would be required, preferably several million.