They give estimates of unknown parameters which can then be used to make predictions based on distributions which are better known.
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One advantage of inferential statistics is that large predictions can be made from small data sets. However, if the sample is not representative of the population then the predictions will be incorrect.
There is no inferential data. There is inferential statistics which from samples, you infer or draw a conclusion about the population. Hypothesis testing is an example of inferential statistics.
Inferential statistics uses data from a small group to make generalizations or inferences about a larger group of people. Inferential statistics should be used with "inferences".
Descriptive statistics is a summary of data. Inferential statistics try to reach conclusion that extend beyond the immediate data alone.
yes