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For a given experiment, and a given sample size, there is a probability that a treatment effect of a given size will yield a statistically significant finding. That is, if the treatment effect is 1 unit, then that probability (the power) might be 50%, and the power for a treatment effect of 2 units might be 75%, etc. Unfortunately, before the experiment, we don't know the treatment effect size, and indeed after the experiment we can only estimate it.
So a statistically significant result means that, whatever the treatment effect size happens to be, Mother Nature gave you a "thumbs up" sign. That is more likely to happen with a large effect than with a small one.
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Is this a probability or statistic the incidence of a particular side effect of a new drug is 15 percent?
It is a probability; probability of side effect is .15 and probability of no side effect is .85.
What can be used to show a cause and effect between two variables?
A controlled experiment can be used to show a cause and effect relationship. ex: an experiment studying the effect of a certain medicine on patients.
Correlational study is it cause and effect?
No correlational study is not cause and effect because correlation does not measure cause.
What is strong correlation?
A very small effect having a greater side effect on a variable or an object may be termed as a strong correlation.
What things effect population numbers?
Things that effect population are competition for food, also known as survival of the fittest. Starvation, hunting, and over population.
