Strictly speaking, n is the total number of observations in the sample. However, many computer ANOVA programs calculate the grand mean of the observations by default and then deduct one degree of freedom from n to account for the mean, presenting what is in fact n-1 in their outputs.
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In a one-way ANOVA, the relate in an equation the total variation, , where i=1,2,…,a and j=1,2,…,n_i; the explained variation and the unexplained variation SST=SSA+SSE Degrees of freedom N-1 a-1 N-a
The short answer is ANOVA is not one-tailed.
In ANOVA, what does F=1 mean? What are the differences between a two sample t-test and ANOVA hypothesis testing? When would you use ANOVA at your place of employment, in your education, or in politics?
ANOVA test null hypothesis is the means among two or more data sets are equal.
One-Way ANOVA is used to test the comparison of 3 or more samples alleviating the risk of having a wrong answer in doing each test separately. ANOVA is an acronym for ANalysis Of VAriance