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Independence of the two samples means that the choosing of the first sample did not influence the choosing of the other sample, and vice versa.
For example, if you were comparing running speed in two different brands of running shoes, you could look at two samples of people running a 100 m dash -- one sample of people running in Brand A and one sample of people running in Brand B. If those two groups were picked independently of one another, these samples would be independent. If, instead, you had the same group of people run the race twice (once in each brand of shoe), these samples would be dependent.
Samples that are not independent are said to be "correlated", "interdependent", or "dependent". Because the two samples are correlated, you might get incorrect findings for your statistical study. For example, say you want to compare the heights of boys and girls. If you chose the samples by choosing a girl for the girl sample, then choosing her brother for the boy sample, your statistical analyses might be misleading if you didn't account for the fact that tall girls are more likely to have tall brothers, and short girls are more likely to have short brothers. By choosing siblings for the two groups, you have made the two samples not independent of one another.
If the independence assumption is violated, you have to do a special type of statistical test. For example, instead of doing a two-sample t-test, you would have to do a paired t-test.
What else can I help you with?
What difference between an observational study and an experiment?
in an experiment, the researcher manipulates a variable
What is the difference between individual differences variables and manipulated variables?
An individual difference variable are variables that occur naturally and that a researcher cannot assign a participant to. These include gender, age, height, etc. A manipulated variable a researcher can assign a person to such as a placebo group vs the actual medicine.
Differentiate between primary and secondary data?
Secondary data is collected by someone other than the researcher, such as census information. Primary data is collected first hand, such as interviews.
Which one between logical and physical data independent is harder to achieve and why?
the logical data independence is hard to achieve because all the manipulation is belonging in logical data independence but in physical data independence only show the physical view .
What is the purpose of snowball sampling?
Snowball sampling can be used in a number of circumstances. Sometimes the researcher may be able to identify only a small number of individuals in the target group but these people are likely to known others in the target group, and people that they know will also know more such people-and so on. By including those few initial people in her sample, and asking them to recruit others, the researcher may be able to achieve a useable sample size. Then, sometimes, a researcher is actually more interested in the connections between people, or in other words, social networks. In this case, snowball sampling can be used to identify those connections. Please see the link.
What is the difference between assumptions and personal jugement?
assumption is objective and personal judgment is subjective
What is the difference between a reality assumption and a value assumption?
Reality assumptions are beliefs that each of us hold concerning what we feel is true and factual about the way things are in the world. A value assumption is when we give things an assumed value. An example is the belief that humans have a higher value than animals.
Difference between hypothesis and assumption in research?
hypothesis is test able intellectual guess of the researcher. it will become theory after test. where as assumption is strongly believed statement about any thing. it is not need to be tested.
WHAT IS THE difference between a value assumption and a reality assumption?
Reality assumptions are beliefs that each of us hold concerning what we feel is true and factual about the way things are in the world. A value assumption is when we give things an assumed value. An example is the belief that humans have a higher value than animals.
What is the difference between an assumption and a probability?
An assumption is a belief or statement taken for granted without proof, often used as a starting point for reasoning or arguments. In contrast, probability quantifies the likelihood of an event occurring, based on statistical analysis or empirical evidence. While assumptions can be subjective and vary between individuals, probabilities provide a more objective measure grounded in data. Essentially, assumptions may lead to conclusions, while probabilities offer a framework for understanding uncertainty.
What assumption are made in theory of simple bending?
Assumptions The beam is symmetrical about Y-Y The traverse plane sections remain plane and normal to the longitudinal fibres after bending (Beroulli's assumption) The fixed relationship between stress and strain (Young's Modulus)for the beam material is the same for tension and compression ( σ= E.e )
What is the definition of making an assumption from observations?
what is the difference between an observation and an assumption
Who is better between a lecturer or a researcher?
If you'r a good researcher you could also be a good lecturer
What is the difference between prejudice and assumption?
Prejudice is a preconceived opinion or feeling about a person or group that is not based on actual experience or reason, often leading to unfair treatment. Assumptions, on the other hand, are beliefs or ideas that are taken for granted without proof or evidence. Prejudice involves bias and negative attitudes, whereas assumptions may or may not carry any negative connotations.
What is the difference between a philosopher and a scientist?
PHILOSOPHER:a man who porposes his assumption on the basis of his intellegence tht is he can be related to relegion,politics n e.t.c! SCIENTIST:a man who porposes hai assumptions related to science, n his assumpdtions are to be checked experimentally!!!
What are the major assumptions of Human Development?
Some major assumptions of Human Development include the belief in innate human potential for growth and change throughout the lifespan, the importance of interactions with the environment and society in shaping development, and the recognition of individual differences in pathways of development. Additionally, there is an assumption of the interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors in influencing human development.
What are the key differences in roles and responsibilities between a research assistant professor and a postdoctoral researcher in academia?
A research assistant professor typically has more independence and responsibility in conducting research, securing funding, and mentoring students compared to a postdoctoral researcher. The research assistant professor may also have teaching duties and be involved in academic service activities, while the postdoctoral researcher focuses primarily on conducting research under the supervision of a principal investigator.
