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"Better" is subjective.

A 0.005 level of significance refers to a statistical test in which there is only a 0.5 percent chance that a result as extreme as that observed (or more extreme) occurs by pure chance. A 0.001 level of significance is even stricter.

So with the 0.001 level of significance, there is a much better chance that when you decide to reject the null hypothesis, it did deserve to be rejected. And consequently the probability that you reject the null hypothesis when it was true (Type I error) is smaller.

However, all this comes at a cost. As the level of significance increases, the probability of the Type II error also increases. So, with the 0.001 level of significance, there is a greater probability that you fail to reject the null hypothesis because the evidence against it is not strong enough.

So "better" then becomes a consideration of the relative costs and benefits of the consequences of the correct decisions and the two types of errors.

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12y ago
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Q: Which is better a 005 level of significance or 001 level of significance?
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