It may be easier to simply cut out the section of conduit and replace it.
The first step is to place a spring inside the conduit thereby preventing it from snapping
Cleat wiring is exposed while in conduit wiring the wires are well protected inside tubes/pipes.
Bends are made in PVC conduit using a tool known as a heat gun or a heat blanket. If you want to make make accurate and aesthetically pleasing bends without distorting the pipe, the PVC conduit must be heated thoroughly - inside and out. This is achieved using a "heater box," or a "heater blanket." Greenlee tools makes both, specifically for working with PVC conduit. Also available are plugs for plugging the ends of the PVC lengths to be bent, for keeping heat trapped inside the pipe and speeding up the heating process.
It is easy to put a 2-inch long piece of conduit that is less than half an inch in any cross-sectional measure into a half-inch conduit.
Reinforced concrete is just normal concrete with steel reinforement placed inside.
The steel rods are there to strengthen the concrete - making it reinforced concrete.
you could strengthen it by putting metal bars inside the concrete
X-ray is used to see inside concrete and is often used to test for cracks in high stress applications.
Hydraulic Mean Radius = Cross sectional area of conduit divided by the inside (wetted) perimeter.
With concrete and wood
If the existing conduit has not been intentionally or accidentally interrupted it is still an adequate ground. If you are in doubt about this or if a test proves that it is not grounded, new conductors including a new ground wire can be pulled inside the conduit. If the existing conduit is flexible conduit and it has "jake" type twist connectors, rewiring with a ground is advisable as those type of connectors do not maintain a good ground connection.
A good way to fix a broken customized rod would be with electrical conduit. It is easy to use and most customized rods have a basic inside rod that can be matched with electrical conduit.