Yes.
consecutive
Included side
A cow
isosceles triangle
Consecutive interior angles are angles on the same side of the transverse that add up to 180 degrees.
the pairs of angles on one side of the transversal but inside the two lines.
Yes, but more preferably called consecutive interior angles.
There is no such thing as "a" consecutive angle. "Consecutive" means something like "one right after the other", so it refers to the relationship between two (or more) angles, not to a single angle. Presumably, it would refer to angles sharing a common side.
pairs of angles on one side of the transversal but outside the two lines are called consecutive exterior angles .
definition of same side interior angles
Every side of any triangle is a side of each of two angles. In fact, every side of every polygon is a side of each of two angles.
If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two angles and side of another triangle, the triangles are congruent by the Angle-Angle-Side (AAS) theorem. This theorem states that if two angles and a corresponding side of one triangle are equal to two angles and the corresponding side of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent. Thus, the triangles will have the same shape and size.