Yes.
consecutive
Included side
A cow
isosceles triangle
Consecutive interior angles are angles on the same side of the transverse that add up to 180 degrees.
the pairs of angles on one side of the transversal but inside the two lines.
Yes, but more preferably called consecutive interior angles.
definition of same side interior angles
pairs of angles on one side of the transversal but outside the two lines are called consecutive exterior angles .
Every side of any triangle is a side of each of two angles. In fact, every side of every polygon is a side of each of two angles.
There is no such thing as "a" consecutive angle. "Consecutive" means something like "one right after the other", so it refers to the relationship between two (or more) angles, not to a single angle. Presumably, it would refer to angles sharing a common side.
If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.