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Prime numbers are the numbers that can only be divided by 1 and them selves. As in 13 if you were to factor it using only whole numbers you would see that its factors are only 1 and 13. There for it is prime. While 12 you see that the factors are 1,2,3,4,6,12 meaning that it is not prime.
You test several numbers, to see whether they are prime numbers, until you find a Prime number.

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15y ago

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