How do you interpret a p value of 0.030?

Answer 1

p=0.030 means that there is a 3% chance that you are wrong to reject the null hypothesis (H0). In a lot of studies, p<0.05 is considered significant evidence and the H0 is rejected. However, this depends on the research done, sometimes the boundary is set at p<0.01 or even lower.

Example: a study tries to see if males are, on average, taller then woman

H0: Males do not have a higher average length than women

Ha: Males have a higher average length than women

P-value is set at 0.05

[Statistical analysis, including a check of all assumptions]

p=0.03<0.05

This dataset yielded a p<0.05. Therefore, the H0 is rejected. This study supports the conclusion that males have a higher average length than women