(-4,0)
(-6,6)
If the polar coordinates of a point P are (r,a) then the rectangular coordinates of P are x = rcos(a) and y = rsin(a).
I will assume a vector in a plane - in two dimensions. The idea of polar coordinates is that the vector is expressed as its length, and an angle. If you already have the vector in rectangular coordinates, i.e. the x and y components, most scientific calculators have a function that might be labelled R->P, to convert from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates. Otherwise, use basic trigonometry - but using the specialized function is much faster, if your calculator has it.
That is because - for example - some calculations are easier in polar coordinates, and some are easier in rectangular coordinates. For example, complex numbers are easier to add and subtract in rectangular coordinates, and easier to multiply and divide in polar coordinates.
The Pol function converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates
(sqrt2, 315)
(-3,-3)
Some of them but not all. For example, uniqueness. The rectangular coordinates (x, y) represent a different point if either x or y is changed. This is also true for polar coordinate (r, a) but only if r > 0. For r = 0 the coordinates represent the same point, whatever a is. Thus (x, y) has a 1-to-1 mapping onto the plane but the polar coordinates don't.
(5, pi) or in other words, (5, 180)
Complex quantities are points on a coordinate system; the horizontal axis is called the real numbers, the vertical axis, the imaginary numbers.The point that represents a complex number can be expressed:a) In rectangular coordinates, by specifying both coordinates, for example, 5 + 3ib) In polar coordinates, you specify a distance from the origin, and an angle, for example, 10 (angle symbol) 30 degrees.It turns out that addition and subtraction are easier with rectangular coordinates, whereas multiplication, division, and therefore also powers and roots, are easier with polar coordinates.Complex quantities are points on a coordinate system; the horizontal axis is called the real numbers, the vertical axis, the imaginary numbers.The point that represents a complex number can be expressed:a) In rectangular coordinates, by specifying both coordinates, for example, 5 + 3ib) In polar coordinates, you specify a distance from the origin, and an angle, for example, 10 (angle symbol) 30 degrees.It turns out that addition and subtraction are easier with rectangular coordinates, whereas multiplication, division, and therefore also powers and roots, are easier with polar coordinates.Complex quantities are points on a coordinate system; the horizontal axis is called the real numbers, the vertical axis, the imaginary numbers.The point that represents a complex number can be expressed:a) In rectangular coordinates, by specifying both coordinates, for example, 5 + 3ib) In polar coordinates, you specify a distance from the origin, and an angle, for example, 10 (angle symbol) 30 degrees.It turns out that addition and subtraction are easier with rectangular coordinates, whereas multiplication, division, and therefore also powers and roots, are easier with polar coordinates.Complex quantities are points on a coordinate system; the horizontal axis is called the real numbers, the vertical axis, the imaginary numbers.The point that represents a complex number can be expressed:a) In rectangular coordinates, by specifying both coordinates, for example, 5 + 3ib) In polar coordinates, you specify a distance from the origin, and an angle, for example, 10 (angle symbol) 30 degrees.It turns out that addition and subtraction are easier with rectangular coordinates, whereas multiplication, division, and therefore also powers and roots, are easier with polar coordinates.
Angular momentum in polar coordinates is expressed as the product of the moment of inertia and the angular velocity, multiplied by the radial distance from the axis of rotation. This formula helps describe the rotational motion of an object in a two-dimensional plane.
The rotation matrix can be expressed in terms of spherical coordinates by using the azimuthal angle (), the polar angle (), and the radial distance (r) to determine the orientation of the rotation.