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Put their names into the parameter-list.
The graph of the first form passes through the origin while the second does not - unless c = 0.
2
If the question is what I think it is, then it means a translation of the graph by 1 unit to the left.
Public members in C++ have accessibility to any function that has scope to the instance of the class, whereas private members have accessibility only to functions of that class.
Yes, there can be friend functions in C++.
Of course they are used. Both stand-alone and class-member functions are used in C++.
No, they are functions. Operators are -> or ++or /=
One.
Constant data and constant functions.
A singleton.
In C++, methods are simply class member functions.
Put their names into the parameter-list.
Manipulators are functions that change the formatting parameters on character streams.
All virtual functions (including pure-virtual functions) are represented in italics. All non-virtual functions are represented normally. There is no differentiation between pure and non-pure virtual functions, however some people append "=0" to distinguish the pure-virtual functions.
Front functions such as vector::front(), list::front() and queue::front() return the first object in a container class. Not to be confused with begin() functions such as vector::begin() which return an iterator object which is typically used in iterative functions (loops) to traverse the objects within a container.
It should work without any special action.