This only applies to larger mammals. The cerebral cortex is folded into many gyri (ridges) and sulci (furrows), which has allowed the cortex to expand in surface area without taking up much greater volume.
d. surface area increases and the volume does not increase at the same rate, leading to a decrease in surface area to volume ratio.
The convolutions in the brain increase surface area. In simpler words, those lines and ridges in the brain are what increases the surface area.
surface area. This is due to the volume increasing cubically as the length increases, while the surface area only increases squared. This can lead to issues with nutrient and waste exchange in larger cells.
As the cell size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases. This is because the volume of the cell increases at a faster rate than its surface area. A low surface area to volume ratio can impact the cell's ability to efficiently exchange nutrients, gases, and waste with its environment.
The cell's ratio of surface area to volume would decrease if its volume increases more rapidly than its surface area.
Surface area
The surface is made up of many small wrinkled folds which increases the surface area.
It remains the same or increases in surface area.
Surface area increases as the square of the diameter, whereas the volume increases by the cube.
As volume increases surface area increase, but the higher the volume the less surface area in the ratio. For example. A cube 1mmx1mmx1mm has volume of 1mm3 surface area of 6mm2 which is a ration of 1:6 and a cube of 2mmx2mmx2mm has a volume of 8mm3 and surface area of 24mm2 which is a ratio of 1:3.
The Volume increases faster than the Surface Area
Although they do not increase at the same rate, as the surface area increases the volume increases slowly.