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MCMXCIX

From left to right

[ M ] [ CM ] [ XC ] [ 1X ]

[1000] + [1000 - 100] + [100 -10] + [ 10 -1]

1000 + 900 + 90 + 9 =1999

M = 1000

C = 100

X = 10

1 = 1

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Q: What is the equivalent of 1999 in Roman numerals giving satisfactory reasons why?
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How should the New Year of 2014 be correctly expressed using Roman numerals in two different ways if one of them is not MMXIV giving reasons?

MMXIIII as the alternate (on clocks for example) version of number 4 is IIII


What are 19 and 1999 in roman numerals if they are not XIX and MCMXCIX respectively giving satisfactory reasons why not?

It's generally acceptable to use VIIII in place of IX, so:19 = XVIIII1999 = MCMXCVIIIIAnother Answer:-Because of changes made to the rules governing the Roman numeral system in the Middle Ages nowadays we would convert the equivalent of 19 and 1999 into Roman numerals as XIX and MCMXCIX respectively which makes them incompatible in terms of arithmetical reckoning.But there is historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have worked out the equivalent of 19 and 1999 on an abacus counting device as XVIIII and MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII then abriged them into written format as IXX and IMM respectively thus facilitating the speed and ease of addition for instance as follows:-XVIIII+MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MMXVIII => 19+1999 = 2018Alternatively:IXX+IMM = MMXVIII => (20-1)+(2000-1) = 2018QED


Is 99 in Roman numerals IC or XCIX giving a detailed and satisfactory explanation for your answer?

Today we write out 99 in Roman numerals as XCIX because XC = 90 and IX = 9. Therefore it logically follows that XC+IX = XCIX as in the case of Hindu-Arabic numerals. But the Roman numeral system does not contain a zero figure for positional place value purposes. Instead the Romans most probably worked out 99 as IC because:- XC is a simplification of LXXXX IX is a simplification of VIIII So LXXXX+VIIII = LXXXXVIIII and by placing I to both sides of these numerals they can be simplified to IC in fact the Latin word for IC is 'undecentum' which literally means one from a hundred.


What are the two correct ways to express 19 in Roman or Latin numerals giving details and reasons why?

19 expressed in ancient Roman numerals once were XVIIII 19 expressed in ancient abridged Roman numerals once were IXX 19 expressed in todays modern usage of Roman numerals are now XIX XVIIII translated into Latin is novemdecim meaning 19 IXX translated into Latin is undeviginti meaning 1 from 20 XIX translated into Latin doesn't exist Todays rules governing the ancient Roman numeral system had nothing to do with the Romans themselves because they were conceived, compiled and introduced during the Middle Ages.


How would you add up 19 49 99 and 999 in Roman numerals giving clear step by step instructions and reasons for your answer?

Today we would write out the equivalent of 19, 49, 99 and 999 into Roman numerals as XIX, XLIX, XCIX and CMXCIX respectively and to add them up in this format is an almost impossible task. However notwithstanding the above the Latin language itself lends credence to the fact that these numerals would have probably been written out as IXX, IL. IC and IM respectively during the Roman era which would make them straightforward to add up in the following manner:- IXX+IL = LXVIII (19+49 = 68) LXVIII+IC = CLXVII (68+99 = 167) CLXVII+IM = MCLXVI (167+999 = 1166) Roman numerals: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, v=5 and I=1

Related questions

Is MCMXCIX bigger or smaller than IMM in Roman numerals or are they both the same giving reasons why?

They are both the same because in todays modern notation of Roman numerals the equivalent of 1999 is MCMXCIX which means 1000+900+90+9 = 1999 But the ancient Romans would have probably gone for the simpler version of IMM which means 2000-1 = 1999


What is the correct way to write out 19 in Roman numerals if it is not XIX giving reasons why?

XIX is the correct roman numeral for 19.Another Answer:-Nowadays it is XIX but in ancient Rome it was IXX because its Latin word is undeviginti meaning one from twenty and there is no Latin word for the equivalent of XIX


How should the New Year of 2014 be correctly expressed using Roman numerals in two different ways if one of them is not MMXIV giving reasons?

MMXIIII as the alternate (on clocks for example) version of number 4 is IIII


What are 19 and 1999 in roman numerals if they are not XIX and MCMXCIX respectively giving satisfactory reasons why not?

It's generally acceptable to use VIIII in place of IX, so:19 = XVIIII1999 = MCMXCVIIIIAnother Answer:-Because of changes made to the rules governing the Roman numeral system in the Middle Ages nowadays we would convert the equivalent of 19 and 1999 into Roman numerals as XIX and MCMXCIX respectively which makes them incompatible in terms of arithmetical reckoning.But there is historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have worked out the equivalent of 19 and 1999 on an abacus counting device as XVIIII and MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII then abriged them into written format as IXX and IMM respectively thus facilitating the speed and ease of addition for instance as follows:-XVIIII+MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII = MMXVIII => 19+1999 = 2018Alternatively:IXX+IMM = MMXVIII => (20-1)+(2000-1) = 2018QED


How do you work out 1776 plus 1999 in Roman numerals giving reasons for your answer?

Today we write out 1999 in Roman numerals as MCMXCIX because of changes made to the rules governing the Roman numeral system during the Middle Ages and to add these numerals to MDCCLXXVI is almost impossible. But the Romans themselves would have calculated 1999 on an abacus counting device as MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII and probably simplified them to IMM by placing I to both sides of the numerals. So: MDCCLXXVI + (-I+MM) = MMMDCCLXXV (3775)


What is four point five in Roman numerals giving reasons for your answer?

4.5 = SV (-0.5+5=4.5) Because: 4.5 = IIIIS which can be simplified to SV And: II*IIIIS = VIIII which can be simplified to IX Roman Numerals: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, V=5, I=1 and S=1/2


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How would you add together the four Arabic numerals of 9 99 999 and 1999 using Roman numerals in step by step stages giving reasons for your answer?

Today we would convert the above numbers into Roman numerals as IX, XCIX, CMXCIX and MCMXCIX respectively which makes any form of mathematical operations with them almost impossible. But during the Roman era the equivalent of 9 99 999 and 1999 were probably wrote out in a simplified format of IX, IC, IM and IMM respectively which makes addition straightforward as follows:- IX+IC = CVIII (9+99 = 108) CVIII+IM = MCVII (108+999 = 1,107) MCVII+IMM = MMMCVI (1,107+1,999 = 3,106) So when added together the answer is: MMMCVI which is the equivalent of 3,106


Is 99 in Roman numerals IC or XCIX giving a detailed and satisfactory explanation for your answer?

Today we write out 99 in Roman numerals as XCIX because XC = 90 and IX = 9. Therefore it logically follows that XC+IX = XCIX as in the case of Hindu-Arabic numerals. But the Roman numeral system does not contain a zero figure for positional place value purposes. Instead the Romans most probably worked out 99 as IC because:- XC is a simplification of LXXXX IX is a simplification of VIIII So LXXXX+VIIII = LXXXXVIIII and by placing I to both sides of these numerals they can be simplified to IC in fact the Latin word for IC is 'undecentum' which literally means one from a hundred.


How would you correctly add together 1999 and 51 using Roman numerals giving reasons why?

Today we would write out 1999 in Roman numerals as MCMXCIX which makes addition with LI (51) in some kind of logical progression almost impossible. But the Romans themselves in the past would have calculated the equivalent of 1999 on an abacus counting device as MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII and probably simplified it to IMM in written form which makes addition straightforward as follows:- IMM+LI = MML (-1+2000)+(50+1) = 2050 Alternatively:- MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII+LI = MML (1999+51 = 2050)


How would you add up in step by step increments 19 49 99 499 and 1110 using Roman numerals giving reasons for your answer?

Notwithstanding today's notation of Roman numerals inasmuch that during the Roman era itself the equivalent of the above numbers were probably written out as IXX, IL, IC, ID and MCX respectively which makes addition quite straightforward as follows:- IXX+IL = LXVIII (19+49 = 68) LXVIII+IC = CLXVII (68+99 = 167) CLXVII+ID = DCLXVI (167+499 = 666) DCLXVI+MCX = MDCCLXXVI (666+1110 = 1776) Today's rules governing the Roman numeral system were introduced during the Middle Ages presumably to make it easier to convert Roman numerals into Hindu-Arabic numerals and vice versa.


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