Well, we know that it's one more than a multiple of 5 and one less that a multiple of 7. Also, it's even, because it has an even remainder when divided by an even number. So far, we know:
It ends in 1 or 6 (remainder 1 when divided by 5)
It's one less than a multiple of 7, which must therefore end in a 2 or a 7
It ends with an even number, because it's even
Therefore it ends with a 6
Great so far.
Since it's one less than a multiple of 7, it has to also be one less than a multiple of 11, or 21, or 31 etc. because only numbers ending in a 1 will give 7 as a last digit when multiplied by 7.
Now that we know it's either 7*11 - 1, or 7*21 - 1, or 7*31 - 1..., we start testing.
7*11 - 1 = 76
76/7 = 11r6
76/6 = 12r4
76/5 = 15r1
All the criteria are met on the first try, therefore the number is 76.
That was fun.
4
59
solve it with a calculater
57
16 divided by 4 is 4 so you can just and 1 to 16. 17 divided by 4= 4 remainder 1 or 4.25
58
29
The LCM of 2, 3, 4 and 5 is 60. Since you need a remainder of 1 just add 1. So the answer is 61. Or any number that is 1 more than a multiple of 60.
301 is one such number.
24
It is not possible, because the number 4 is divisible by 2, and it's remainder is divisible by 2 also, so whatever number works for the "4 with a remainder of 2", will never work for "2 with a remainder of 1.
179 works until divided by 7 the remainder is 6. 2519 works till 10....