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How do you calculate the neutral axis of reinforced concrete slab?
Concrete slabs should be designed to fail under rebar yield as opposed to concrete crushing. So assuming a rebar yielding scenario the first step is to determine the maximum load which can be sustained by the tension rebar as follows, 0.87*Fy gives the failure maximum stress in the steel, which can then be multiplied by the total area of rebar to give the force of the steel in tension. where Fy is the yield strength of the steel. (typical value of Fy is say 500Mpa) Next it is assumed that the slab is in a state of static equilibrium i.e. not accelerating off in any direction! For this to happen the force in the concrete must = the force in the steel, Fst = Fcc = 0.567*Fck*A Fst = force of the steel in tension (calculated above) Fcc = force of concrete in compression = maximum sustainable Force of steel in tension Where Fck = concrete compressive strength, and A = area of a simplified stress block, limiting the depth of the stress block to 0.8x results in ; Fcc = 0.567*Fck*0.8x*B where x = depth to neutral axis B = breadth of slab Rearranging for x gives X = (Fcc/(0.567*Fck*B))/0.8
How much weight can a 2 x 2 angle support?
Steel? Aluminium?As a column (vertical leg) or a horizontal beam?In both cases the length and the method of fixing/supporting the ends will determine the maximum allowable load.
What is the meaning of steel rule?
A ruler made of stainless steel.
What is difference between HYSD bars and TMT bars compare chemical composition also?
Thermo Mechanically Treated (TMT) bars have revolutionised the industry with its superior quality as against the cold twisting process to manufacture the traditional reinforcement bars. The special heat treatment process ensures greater strength, excellent ductility, enhanced bendability and much superior weldability. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES : Grade C%Max* S%Max P%Max Mn%Min Si%Max Fe-415 0.30 .055 .055 .55 .35 The most commonly used steel bar for concrete reinforcement is TOR steel. The other names of TOR steel are CTD bar, deformed steel bar, twisted steel bar, HSD bar, CWD bar etc. These TOR steel bars can be used for general concrete reinforcement in buildings, roads, bridges etc. These steel bars process a combination of strength and ductility that is far in excess of minimum limits specified in standard IS:1786. ::TOR steel bars are certified to IS:1786 in dimensional tolerances. However in the size range of 8/12 mm where tolerance are of great concern, much closer tolerance that the specification is maintained. HYSD High Yield Strength Deformed (steel) .It is reinfrocement steel.
How many grams of steel would fit into a space measuring 4 cm cubed?
It depends on the density of steel. There are many types of steel depending on what substances are alloyed together. The density of stainless steel can range from 7.5 to 8 grams per cm3. But there are other types of steel that are denser or lighter.
What is the minimum and maximum allowable percentage of reinforcement steel in concrete?
The amount of steel required in concrete as reinforcement is measured using a formula that calculates the amount of pressure that will be put on the concrete. There are different formulas to identify the minimum and the maximum amount of needed steel, depending on if you are making a beam, slab, or column.
Minimum and maximum area of steel required in rcc slab as per BS code?
The minimum area of steel required in RCC slab as per BS code is 0.12 to 0.15% of total area. The maximum diameter of bar in slab, shall not exceed D/8, where D is the total thickness of slab.
Do a Clinical thermometer needs a magnet?
No, a clinical thermometer does not need a magnet. You may be thinking of a Maximum/Minimum Thermometer which has a U-tube containing mercury which expands and contracts as the temperature changes. Each arm of the U-tube contains mercury upon the upper surface of which are tiny floats made of steel (which floats on mercury) with tiny springs on their sides so that they grip the tube inside when the mercury does not move them any more. One of the floats records the highest temperature to which it was pushed, and the other indicates the coldest temperature to which it was pushed. So you are able to find out what the actual maximum and minimum temperatures were during the past 24 hours. So why do we need a magnet? It's purpose is to attract the steel floats back to their positions just sitting on top of each mercury column.
Can stainless steel be gold?
No. Gold is an element and stainless steel is an austenitic steel alloy possessing a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel, combined with a maximum of 0.08% carbon. It is a nonmagnetic steel which cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but instead. must be cold worked.
Why steel pointer is used in maximum and minimum thermometer?
These wee steel bars are known as riders, and they mark the travel extent of the Mercury column. They are held in place by a feeble magnet. When the reset button is pushed, it moves the magnet away from the tube, and the riders will settle.
What is the actual use of six thermometer?
It consists of a U-shaped glass tube with two separate temperature scales set along each arm of the U. One of these is for recording themaximum temperature encountered and the other for the minimum temperature. The arms of the U-shaped tube terminate in sealed glass bulbs. The bulb at the top of the minimum reading scale arm is full of alcohol, the other contains a vacuum (or low pressure alcohol vapour). [1] [2] In the bend of the U is a section of mercury. This is pushed around the tube by the thermal expansion and contraction of the alcohol in the first bulb as it responds to the external temperature. The near vacuum in the other bulb allows free movement of the alcohol and mercury. It is the alcohol which measures the temperature; the mercury indicates the temperature reading on both scales. The thermometer shows a reading at the top of the mercury section on both the maximum and minimum scales; this shows the current temperature The maximum and minimum readings are recorded by two small steel markers which are sprung into the capillary tube so that they cannot easily slide unless a small force is applied to them. Before a maximum or minimum reading can be taken, both markers must be returned to the top of the mercury, usually by hand using a small magnet to slide them along the tube. Any change in temperature after that time will push one of the markers along with it. If the temperature is rising, then the maximum scale marker will be pushed. If it falls after the reset, then the moving mercury will push the minimum scale marker. Often both things happen one after another as the temperature changes, say through a twenty-four-hour period (see diurnal temperature variation). The markers thus record the furthest point reached by the mercury in each arm of the tube. They record the extremes of temperature experienced by the device since it was last reset. The thermometer is usually reset every day, but if left for longer the readings would show the highest and lowest temperatures encountered since the instrument was last reset. To take a reading, the positions of the ends of the markers nearest to the mercury are examined. Their positions on the maximum and minimum scales show the highest and lowest temperatures encountered over the period of measurement
What is a bimetallic thermometer?
A bimetallic thermometer uses a bimetallic strip wrapped into a coil. This strip usually consists of either steel and copper or steel and brass. A bimetallic thermometer is a type of thermometer made with a couple metal strips. They have differing thermal expansions that are brazen together. Any distortion in this apparatus caused by variations in the temperature is used to measure the temperature.
What is the maximum temperature galvanised steel can take?
no
What is the minimum speed for cutting steel with an aluminum oxide stone?
The minimum speed for cutting steel with an aluminum oxide stone is 35 m/s.
What is the natural hardness of mild steel?
Minimum hardness of Mild steel is about 140 Vickers hardness.
What is the maximum overlap of steel rods in reinforced concrete sections?
Steel reinforcing rods have minimum overlap requirements to ensure that the reinforcing has a continuous effect throughout the structure.In some instances this minimum overlap is 600mm, but the requirement does vary and must be confirmed by an Engineer for each particular design.Maximum overlaps would be used to ensure wastage is reduced, and to ensure adequate concrete cover.
What are the uses of 6s maximum and minimum thermometer?
Six's maximum and minimum thermometer is a popularthermometer among gardeners for use in greenhouses. Its purpose is to record the maximum and minimum temperatures reached since the thermometerwas last read. Generally speaking a minimumtemperature occurs during the night and amaximumduring the day. It was invented by James Six towards the end of the eighteenth century, and consists of a fairly large cylindrical bulb full of alcohol, or oil of creosote, connected by a U- shaped stem to a second bulb nearly full of alcohol or oil of creosote. The bend of the U contains athread of mercury. Two scales are provided, one against each limb of the tube so that thetemperature may be read against either of themercury levels. Resting on each of the mercurysurfaces are small steel indexes provided with light springs to hold them in position in the stem.Expansion or contraction of the fluid in the larger bulb causes a movement of themercury thread. Consequently, one or other index is pushed forward by the mercuryand left in the extreme position reached. Thus, the lower end of the index on the left indicates the minimum and that on the right themaximum temperatureattained. It is interesting to note that Six's maximum and minimum thermometers were still being used in 2000 of exactly the same design and construction as ones produced over 100 years ago.
