-9
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X + 3 = -12
(minus three from both sides to get X alone)
X + 3 -3 = -12 -3
(the threes cancel out on the left)
X = -15
5x + 3 = -12 5x =-12-3 =-15 x = -3
y = 12. It's the transitive property. y = 12 = 3x.
The terms in x in the factorisation must be 3 and 1, the whole numbers must be factors of 48 ie 1/48, 2/24, 3/16, 4/12, or 6/8. The only ones which can combine with the 3 to give a sum of 24 are 4 and 12 viz: (3x + 12)(x + 4)
(x+3)(x+4) = x2+7x+12
x+2(x+3) = 12 x+2x+6 = 12 x+2x = 12-6 3x = 6 x = 2 and y = 5