Integer
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That is called the set of "integers".
The two sets are the same: the set of integers.
The set of integers I. I = {..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}
It depends on your definition of whole numbers. The classic definition of whole numbers is the set of counting numbers and zero. In this case, the set of whole numbers is not closed under subtraction, because 3-6 = -3, and -3 is not a member of this set. However, if you use whole numbers as the set of all integers, then whole numbers would be closed under subtraction.
A whole number is called an integer. The opposite of a whole number is a negative integer. An example would be 4 and -4.