A number x is said to be rational if it can be expressed as the ratio p/q where p and q are integers, and q is not 0. For each rational number there is an equivalent decimal representation which is either a terminating decimal or one that has an infinitely recurring pattern. A decimal number which is infinite but without any recurring pattern is an irrational number.
Thus rational numbers form a subset of decimal numbers.
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The difference is that rational numbers stay with the same numbers. Like the decimal 1.247247247247... While an irrational number is continuous but does not keep the same numbers. Like the decimal 1.123456789...
Yes. 2+sqrt(3) and 5+sqrt(3). Their difference is 3, which is rational.
A decimal number can be rational or irrational.
It is a rational number because it is a terminating decimal
It is a rational number because it can be expressed as a decimal