The square root of x has two answers. It's either x (which is +x), or it's -x. If we take x times x, the answer is x2. If we take -x times -x, the answer is also x2.
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X + y
square root of (x2 + 1) = no simplification (square root of x2) + 1 = x + 1
If x squared = 40 then x = square root of 40 = +/- 6.3255555
XX or X*X, can be written as X squared. The inverse of a function "sort of cancels it out". I know the inverse of a square is the square root. Since we need the inverse of X squared, it's inverse is the square root of X. sqrt(x)
diagonal = square root ( side squared + side squared) = square root (2) x side (pythagorean theorem since angle is 90degrees)