Volume divided by area equals height when calculating the height of a three-dimensional shape, such as a rectangular prism, because height is the measurement of the third dimension in relation to the other two dimensions (length and width). Dividing the volume of the shape by its base area gives the height because volume represents the total space enclosed by the shape, and dividing by the base area isolates the height component. This relationship holds true for shapes where the height is perpendicular to the base and the shape is uniform throughout.
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You can only find the area of the base with this information. The volume divided by the height will give you the area of the base.
A triangular prism can be thought of as a stack of triangles. Then the volume is equal to the area of the triangular base multiplied by the height of the prism, or 1/2 length * width * height.
Because they derive the formula from the area of a square. A square is width x height (or base x height). If you cut the square into two equal triangles, you can get the area of only a single triangle by dividing by 2.
The volume of a cylinder is found by multiplying the area of its base times its height.
Multiply the base area by the height, and you have the volume.