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Why does an earthquake have only one magnitude?
Because magnitude is a measurement of the amount of energy released in an earthquake and this value will remain constant once the earthquake has finished. However the estimates seismologists make of this value may change as they gain more information about the earthquake...
What is the difference between pulse and impulse?
Both pulse and impulse are the types of unit step function. In case of impulse the response gains the value for short duration of time and then becomes 0 while in case of pulse it is not neccessary that the value of response become 0 after an interval it may remain constant also.............
A sling psychrometer is used to determine?
A sling psychrometer (which is a hygrometer) measures the moisture content of the atmosphere surrounding it. It is called a sling psychrometer because it is whirled around in the air until a constant value/reading is obtained from the wet-bulb thermometer.
How was the gravitational constant G first determined?
The gravitational constant appears in Newton's law of universal gravitation, but it was not measured until 1798-71 years after Newton's death-by Henry Cavendish (Philosophical Transactions 1798). Cavendish measured G implicitly, using a torsion balance invented by the geologist Rev. John Michell. He used a horizontal torsion beam with lead balls whose inertia (in relation to the torsion constant) he could tell by timing the beam's oscillation. Their faint attraction to other balls placed alongside the beam was detectable by the deflection it caused. Cavendish's aim was not actually to measure the gravitational constant, but rather to measure the Earth's density relative to water, through the precise knowledge of the gravitational interaction. In retrospect, the density that Cavendish calculated implies a value for G of 6.754 × 10−11 m3/kg/s2.The accuracy of the measured value of G has increased only modestly since the original Cavendish experiment. G is quite difficult to measure, as gravity is much weaker than other fundamental forces, and an experimental apparatus cannot be separated from the gravitational influence of other bodies. Furthermore, gravity has no established relation to other fundamental forces, so it does not appear possible to calculate it indirectly from other constants that can be measured more accurately, as is done in some other areas of physics. Published values of G have varied rather broadly, and some recent measurements of high precision are, in fact, mutually exclusive.In the January 5, 2007 issue of Science (page 74), the report "Atom Interferometer Measurement of the Newtonian Constant of Gravity" (J. B. Fixler, G. T. Foster, J. M. McGuirk, and M. A. Kasevich) describes a new measurement of the gravitational constant. According to the abstract: "Here, we report a value of G = 6.693 × 10−11 cubic meters per kilogram second squared, with a standard error of the mean of ±0.027 × 10−11 and a systematic error of ±0.021 × 10−11 cubic meters per kilogram second squared."
How can the value of the acceleration due to gravity can be calculated for any planet?
The basic equtiion is g=(GM)/(r squared). Where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the object, and r is the radius of the object. There are a lot of other factors to include to get a more accurate number, but this equation will get you in the same ballpark.
