The product of a natural number and all of the lesser natural numbers is called the factorial of the number. It is often represented with an exclamation point. So:
5! = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1
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Yes, every natural number is a whole number.
No. There are infinitely many real numbers for every natural number.
No. Every real number is not a natural number. Real numbers are a collection of rational and irrational numbers.
Yes, the number zero. Currently, the natural numbers are normally taken to start with zero, not with one (this was not always so). The number zero has no predecessor in the set of natural numbers. In the set of integers, however, every number has a predecessor and a successor.
No, a real number could also be a rational number, an integer, a whole number, or a natural number. Irrational numbers fall into the same category of real numbers, but every real number is not an irrational number.