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What is stochastic calculus?
The mathematical theory of stochastic integrals, i.e. integrals where the integrator function is over the path of a stochastic, or random, process. Brownian motion is the classical example of a stochastic process. It is widely used to model the prices of financial assets and is at the basis of Black and Scholes' theory of option pricing.
Difference between error control and flow control?
Flow Control:is one important design issue for the Data Link Layer that controls the flow of data between sender and receiver.In Communication, there is communication medium between sender and receiver. When Sender sends data to receiver than there can be problem in below case :1) Sender sends data at higher rate and receive is too sluggish to support that data rate.To solve the above problem, FLOW CONTROL is introduced in Data Link Layer. It also works on several higher layers. The main concept of Flow Control is to introduce EFFICIENCY in Computer Networks.Error Control:Network is responsible for transmission of data from one device to another device. The end to end transfer of data from a transmitting application to a receiving application involves many steps, each subject to error. With the error control process, we can be confident that the transmitted and received data are identical. Data can be corrupted during transmission. For reliable communication, error must be detected and corrected.Error control is the process of detecting and correcting both the bit level and packet level errors.Types of ErrorsSingle Bit ErrorThe term single bit error means that only one bit of the data unit was changed from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.Burst ErrorIn term burst error means that two or more bits in the data unit were changed. Burst error is also called packet level error, where errors like packet loss, duplication, reordering. BY RAHUL SAGORE from IIPS, INDORE
What does 'calientes chicas' mean in Spanish?
The Spanish term 'Calientes Chicas' is a term to compliment a girl. The term means "Hot Girl" which a Spanish lad would use to get the attention of a girl either passing in the street or in the local night club.
7 divided by 0?
Undefined: You cannot divide by zero
What is term that means to formally withdraw?
secede
What is stochastic error term?
A Stochastic error term is a term that is added to a regression equation to introduce all of the variation in Y that cannot be explained by the included Xs. It is, in effect, a symbol of the econometrician's ignorance or inability to model all the movements of the dependent variable.
What is a stochastic error?
In a statistical model, variations in the dependent variable can be attributed to independent variables. However, there is a random element that is not accounted for and this is the stochastic error.
What is the role of the stochastic error term in regression analysis?
Regression analysis is based on the assumption that the dependent variable is distributed according some function of the independent variables together with independent identically distributed random errors. If the error terms were not stochastic then some of the properties of the regression analysis are not valid.
Why stochastic term is called a probabilistic term?
You can thank Kac and Nelson for the association of stochastic phenomena with probability and probabilistic events. There's a good Wikipedia page explaining in better detail.
What is the difference between the stochastic error term and the residual?
the residual is the difference between the observed Y and the estimated regression line(Y), while the error term is the difference between the observed Y and the true regression equation (the expected value of Y). Error term is theoretical concept that can never be observed, but the residual is a real-world value that is calculated for each observation every time a regression is run. The reidual can be thought of as an estimate of the error term, and e could have been denoted as ^e.
What is the definition of the stochastic process?
The definition to the term "Stochastic Process" is: A statistical process involving a number of random variables depending on a number variable. Which in most cases, is time.
What is stochastic disturbance term?
A stochastic disturbance term is a random variable included in a statistical model to account for unexplained variability or uncertainty in the data. It represents the effects of unobserved factors that are not explicitly modeled but can influence the outcome of an analysis. By incorporating this term, the model can better capture the randomness or unpredictability in the data.
What is the major difference between a mathematical model and an econometric model?
Mathematical model is exact in nature.it has Beta zero and Beta one and no stochastic or disturbance variables. Econometric model represents omitted variable, error in measurement and stochastic variables.
When was Stochastic Models created?
Stochastic Models was created in 1985.
What has the author G Adomian written?
G. Adomian has written: 'Stochastic systems' -- subject(s): Stochastic differential equations, Stochastic systems
What is the difference between stochastic and random?
Wikipedia states that stochastic means random. But there are differences depending on the context. Stochastic is used as an adjective, as in stochastic process, stochastic model, or stochastic simulation, with the meaning that phenomena as analyzed has an element of uncertainty or chance (random element). If a system is not stochastic, it is deterministic. I may consider a phenomena is a random process and analyze it using a stochastic simulation model. When we generate numbers using a probability distribution, these are called random numbers, or pseudo random numbers. They can also be called random deviates. See related links.
What has the author C W Gardiner written?
C. W. Gardiner has written: 'Handbook of Stochastic Methods' 'Stochastic methods' -- subject(s): Stochastic processes 'Quantum noise' -- subject(s): Stochastic processes, Quantum optics, Josephson junctions
