fault tolerance
A star topology.
SONET
SONET uses an inverse multiplexing technique called virtual concatenation. SONET, which is the standard used in the United States and most of Europe, stands for Synchronous Optical Network.
Star topology
A. Its double-ring topology.... try using the book now and again :D on pg325 Network+ 5th :P And for those of us confused and lost, thank you
Bus topology as many nodes are connected to single link
Because SONET/SDH uses "synchronous TDM multiplexer" to multiplexe signals from multiple electrical sources . All clocks in the system are locked to a master clock.
1. logical topology 2. Physical topology 3. star toplogy
Token ring uses star topology . The data token is being passed from one computer to other allowing all the computer to have network access and avoids data collision.
Bus
Star